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[ { "title": "LEARN | Condition Monitoring (part 1)", "nid": "489", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Electrical Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Condition monitoring\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00221124ef20-b64b-4305-b6d7-3baa02407025\u0022 height=\u0022318\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/condition%20monitoring%20newsletter.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022737\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EEmploying a \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.php\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Econdition monitoring system\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E in your facility can ensure the reliability of your operations. How? By implementing processes to monitor your equipment, you can ensure machine up-time, the reduction in consequential damage to machinery, and the improvement of the overall operational efficiency.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn this NEW series, we introduce you to condition monitoring.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EIn Part 1, we start by reviewing the various benefits of a condition monitoring system, the commonly used techniques and the different types of condition monitoring systems that are implemented.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EIn \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Condition-Monitoring-part-2---Vibration\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPart 2\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Condition-Monitoring-part-3---Vibration-continued\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPart 3\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E, we unpack vibration monitoring. We progress in the series with \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Condition-Monitoring-part-4\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPart 4\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u00A0\u2013 an over view of motor circuit analysis. We end the series with \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Condition-Monitoring-pt-5---Residual-Current-Monitoring\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPart 5\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E - residual current monitoring.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EWhat is Condition Monitoring?\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EConsidering that unexpected faults or shutdowns can result in production loss, or even a fatal accident, a process must be implemented to mitigate these. Condition monitoring is a system of continuously monitoring operational characteristics of a machine. It is put in place to predict the need of maintenance, before machinery deterioration or a breakdown can occur. A condition monitoring system provides information about the machine, to pre-empt failures thus reducing downtime. Information such as the vibrations in a machine, its operating temperature or condition of its oil is recorded.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022CM \u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002209cb9eff-5dc4-40a0-8297-96171f7651e0\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/CM%20Diagram.png\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EWhat are the most common methods for Condition Monitoring?\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Trend Monitoring\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis involves the continuous, regular measurement and interpretation of data. A suitable and measurable indication of machine or component deterioration must be selected. By studying these trends, one can determine when deterioration goes over the critical limit.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EFor example, airplane engine data can be tracked to detect and diagnose abnormalities in engine performance, leading to the prevention of significant damage.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003E2.\u00A0\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECondition Checking \u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis method involves taking measurements periodically using an appropriate indicator, whilst the machine is in operation. This information is used to measure the condition of the machine at any given time. Consider the example of the use of an oil sight glass in order to check the condition of a machine\u2019s lubricant in real time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EWhat are the Advantages of Condition Monitoring?\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECondition monitoring outputs data in real time enabling the user to determine the root cause of a problem faster. The use of wireless technology on the equipment also connects employees with real time data by using smart phones or tables.\u00A0 The use of this system also enables the plant to go from a reactive approach to a predictive maintenance program, thus showcasing the health of the equipment without the need of additional labour.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn sum, the advantages of Condition Monitoring include:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EReduction in maintenance costs\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EReduced downtime\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EExtension of the asset life\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ECost savings on prematurely changed resources\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EAre there any disadvantages of Condition Monitoring? \u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThe downside of implementing a condition monitoring system is, unfortunately, the cost. Sensors, necessary tools, and the labour costs involved in installing the system result in an increase in expenditure. An added cost to train employees to use the equipment accurately and effectively must also be considered. The use of sensors in a harsh environment will also lead to them being damaged and requiring replacement more than anticipated.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EWhat Condition Monitoring Techniques are currently used?\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe conditions below are the most common techniques used presently to monitor machinery.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Vibration Analysis\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis process is implemented to measure and monitor the vibration level and frequencies of a machine. Vibration analysis allows for the detection of machine imbalance, bearing failures, mechanical looseness, misalignment, resonance and natural frequencies, electrical motor faults, bent shaft and cavitation. Estimations indicate that vibration warnings can provide a lead time of 3 months before a failure can\u00A0happen.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Acoustic Emissions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EAcoustic emissions are an aspect of vibration analysis, but at a higher frequency than those detected during a typical vibrational analysis. Monitoring these high frequency signals allows for the detection of cracking or impact.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. Infrared Thermography\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EIt is a process that uses a thermal imager to detect radiation that is emitted from an object. The radiation is then converted to a temperature, and the temperature distribution is displayed on an image. The process is used to monitor electrical and mechanical conditions of motors, bearings, refractory insulation and the locating of gas, liquids, and sludge levels. Abnormal heat patterns found within a machine could indicate an inefficiency or a defect.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E4. Ultrasound Testing\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis process is useful for high pressure fluid situations and both low and high-speed mechanical applications. The shock pulse method is commonly used for condition monitoring. It is a technique that uses signals emitted from rotating bearings as the baseline for efficient monitoring of machines.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E5. Motor Circuit Analysis\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis is a de-energized low voltage test method that assesses the health of the motor and the associated cabling. Performing motor circuit analysis on a set schedule can reduce downtime in your plant and increase the lifespan of your electrical motor.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E6.\u00A0Oil Analysis\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis process involves analysing the health of machinery lubricants, oil contamination and wear. The process also includes moisture analysis, particle counting, elemental analysis, and acid/base numbers, measuring viscosity and using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy to determine other parameters.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Oil analysis\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00227cb19d9b-6a38-4f15-a449-904d056b57fa\u0022 height=\u0022191\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/oil%20analysis_0.jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022339\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EWhat are the Different Condition Monitoring Types?\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 3 different condition monitoring types are:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Offline Condition Monitoring\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis type of monitoring is used on assets that are less critical, and where periodic scanning is sufficient to determine the state of the equipment. Offline conditional monitoring is often implemented using both vibrational and oil analysis.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Online Condition Monitoring\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EOnline condition monitoring involves the continuous measurement of an asset by connecting machine-mounted sensors to system software wirelessly. It allows for real-time warnings, obtained from either vibrational analysis, acoustic emissions, ultrasound, or infrared thermography, to be sent out to the respective employees.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3.\u00A0Route-Based Condition Monitoring\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThis is a technique that is employed when a technician records data intermittently using a handheld device. It is a method that is used to create a trend pattern and determine if an advanced analysis is required.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EFrom the above, it is clear that implementing a conditional monitoring system in your plant will increase up-time, increase the lifespan of equipment, and result in a reduction in consequential damage. Follow part 2 and 3 in the series to learn more!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConsidering the implementation of such a system in your facility, and not quite sure where to start?\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Electrical Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECHAT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to us!\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "May 2021", "terms": "Electrical, Education" }, { "title": "PRODUCT NEWS | Eaton\u0026#039;s C441 Motor Insight Relays", "nid": "487", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Eaton Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022eaton c441 Motor Insight\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002299adf956-8549-4e04-ae59-3c0b8177a36e\u0022 height=\u0022291\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/C441%20motor%20Insight%20motor%20protection%20relays%20500x500.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022291\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETake control of your process with Eaton\u2019s C441 Motor Insight motor protection relays\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EMagnet\u2019s extensive range of Eaton \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.php\u0022\u003Eproducts and solutions\u003C/a\u003E includes the C441 Motor Insight overload relays. This advanced low-voltage motor protection relay, with embedded intelligence, helps you\u00A0save energy, optimize maintenance schedules and configure greater system protection - reducing overall costs and downtime.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECore features of C441 Motor Insights protection relays include:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EThe ability to calculate power enables you to not only monitor motor performance, but also load performance and energy consumption. It is the perfect relay for system critical loads, pump loads and energy-conscious customers.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EFLA range of 1\u2013540 A with two-part numbers; selectable trip class (5\u201330)\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EPower source options:\u202FLine powered at 170\u2013264 Vac, 323\u2013528 Vac, 489\u2013660 Vac; separate source single-phase control power at 93.5\u2013132 Vac\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EMotor protection:\u202Fthermal overload; jam/stall protection; current level alarming; current unbalance; current phase-loss; residual ground fault; phase-reversal; overvoltage; under-voltage; voltage imbalance\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ELoad (pump) protection:\u202FUndercurrent, low power, high power\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EMonitoring capabilities:\u202FCurrent-average and phase rms; voltage-average and phase rms; power-motor kW; power factor; frequency; thermal capacity; run hours; starts; ground fault current; current unbalance percentage; voltage unbalance percentage; time to restart\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ECommunications:\u202FModbus, DeviceNet, PROFIBUS, Ethernet/IP (consult factory), Modbus TCP (consult factory)\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAdvanced features:\u202F\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EProgrammable reset/backspin timers;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Eprogrammable acceleration start cycle;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Eprogrammable fault vs. alarm prioritization;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Eindividual trip delays;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Elockable user interface;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Escaled current readings;\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E10-fault queue diagnostics with full word explanation\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETake control of your process:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EC441 Motor Insight gives you the ability to better understand the dynamics of your system by providing the information you need to keep your motors running at their highest possible potential.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EIt is important to keep your systems running at peak performance, while maintaining the integrity of your application - that is exactly what C441 Motor Insight is designed to do!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EWe are a \u003Cstrong\u003EPremium Distributor of Eaton products in South Africa \u003C/strong\u003Eand boast\u00A0in-depth product knowledge and technical expertise.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResources:\u00A0\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpoaZNTn9m8\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EW\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpoaZNTn9m8\u0022\u003EATCH\u003C/a\u003E\u00A0\u003C/b\u003Ea quick video on\u00A0Eaton\u2019s C441 Motor Insight Solid State Protection Relays \u2013 Eaton\u2019s offering within the C400 series of advanced motor protection \u2026\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/download/magnet-eatons-c441-motor-insight-power-control-solution.pdf\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDOWNLOAD\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u00A0the\u00A0brochure to learn more.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Eaton Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECHAT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to us for advice on this product and more from Eaton\u0027s extensive range.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Apr 2021", "terms": "Electrical, Products, Eaton" }, { "title": "NEW | Understanding Partial Discharge", "nid": "434", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022PD\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022a5dbb050-a835-4e7f-a0b3-e51c3c25fbf4\u0022 height=\u0022326\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/PD.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022595\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat is Partial Discharge (PD)?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA partial discharge is an electrical discharge or spark that bridges a small portion of the high voltage insulation between two conducting electrodes or a conducting electrode and earth. Partial discharge can occur at any point in the insulation system, where the electric field strength exceeds the breakdown strength of the insulating material.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPartial discharge can occur in voids within solid insulation, across the surface of insulating material due to contaminants or irregularities, within gas bubbles in liquid insulation or around an electrode in gas (corona activity).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cfigure role=\u0022group\u0022 class=\u0022caption caption-img align-center\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Partial Discharge evidence\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00228770f560-25c6-467e-a070-9933cc0cb4f8\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/What%20is%20pd%202.png\u0022 /\u003E\n\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cem\u003EVisible evidence of PD\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\n\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat causes PD?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are many causes of breakdown in insulation which lead to PD activity, including design and manufacturing defects, incorrect installation of components, faulty materials, mechanical damage and even vandalism. Even well designed and installed assets start to exhibit PD activity as they deteriorate with age and usage.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEnvironmental factors also play a role in the development of PD activity, including temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, vibration and other mechanical stresses.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPD failure process\u2026\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce present, partial discharge ALWAYS tends to increase: but the way in which it increases is both measurable and predictable.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPD activity provides clear evidence that an asset is deteriorating in a way that is likely to lead to failure.\u00A0 The process of deterioration can propagate and develop, until the insulation is unable to withstand the electrical stress, leading to flashover.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ultimate failure of HV/MV assets is often sudden and catastrophic. The best case scenario is that growing PD activity causes protection systems to trip out unexpectedly, resulting in outages. The worst case scenario is an explosive release of energy, causing major damage, injury and death.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cfigure role=\u0022group\u0022 class=\u0022caption caption-img align-center\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Failure caused by PD\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00222b7f6c3b-300d-41ab-a627-a376d42c7265\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Failure.png\u0022 /\u003E\n\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cem\u003ECatastrophic failure caused by PD activity\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\n\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPartial Discharge Measurement\u2026\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJust like people, electrical assets age and deteriorate. And as with human medicine, there have been tremendous advances in recent years in the ability to diagnose the ailments suffered by assets in their early stages, enabling us to keep them healthy and productive for longer.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe revolution in asset management is being driven by two factors which are inextricably linked: new techniques for accurately measuring the condition of live assets, plus new methodologies for managing assets more effectively, based on their actual condition.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are many techniques available for assessing the condition of live assets, including oil sampling and analysis, plus thermal imaging. But the most useful is the detection, location and measurement of Partial Discharge (PD) activity in HV and MV assets, which are typically found in substations.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPartial discharges emit energy, the effects of which can be detected, located, measured and monitored:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u2022\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0 Electromagnetic emissions, in the form of radio waves, light and heat.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u2022\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0 Acoustic emissions, in the audible and ultrasonic ranges.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u2022\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0 Ozone and nitrous oxide gases.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cfigure role=\u0022group\u0022 class=\u0022caption caption-img align-center\u0022\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022PD activity\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002261a7ff8c-f645-4273-b071-683caa423f73\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/PD%20activity.png\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cem\u003EPD activity across insulator voids in Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\n\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most effective techniques for detecting and measuring PD activity in live assets are based on quantifying:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Transient Earth Voltages (TEVs)\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe importance of TEV effects (discharges of radio energy associated with PD activity) was first identified by EA Technology researchers in the 1970s. Measuring TEV emissions is the most effective way to assess internal PD activity in metalclad MV switchgear.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Ultrasonic Emissions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPD activity creates emissions in both the audible and ultrasonic ranges. The latter is by far the most valuable for early detection and measurement. Measuring airborne ultrasonic emissions is the most effective way to assess surface PD activity, where there is an air passage e.g. vents or door in the casing of an asset.\u00A0 Where chambers are completely sealed, ultrasonic contact probes can be used although these are less sensitive than the airborne microphones.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. UHF emissions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPD activity can also be measured in the UHF range, and is particularly useful in monitoring EHV assets.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPerhaps surprisingly, however, detailed PD measurement as the basis of condition-based asset management is still in its infancy in many parts of the developed world, including the USA. Many operators still have no clear information on the condition of their assets until they fail and need replacing.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIn conclusion\u2026\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ability to assess the condition of MV and HV assets by measuring PD activity is increasingly driving a step change in power asset management. At its simplest level, it enables operators to identify and fix faults before they develop into failures. Used to its full extent, it is one of the technologies behind much more effective management of whole networks, based on a fuller understanding of asset condition. The result: greater network efficiency, availability, reliability and safety, with lower capital and revenue costs.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-right\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003EBy Neil Davies, EA Technology International\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-right\u0022\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EClick here to \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--The-Value-of-Partial-Discharge-Data\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELEARN\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E about the Value of PD data.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003ENeed a PD detection and measurement solution for your facility? Click here to \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECHAT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to us now!\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Oct 2020", "terms": "Electrical, Education" }, { "title": "LEARN | Understanding Power Factor Correction - pt 1", "nid": "482", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Electrical Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Factory 2\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022dc094138-0131-4185-991a-c8b54bcfcef6\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Emailer%20image.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAre you considering efforts to reduce the electricity cost in your plant? Do you require extra power for a plant upgrade, but without having to change the existing electrical supply?\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf you answered \u2018Yes!\u2019, then you will appreciate this \u003Cstrong\u003ENEW\u003C/strong\u003E series on \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Epower factor correction\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn this informative 2-part read, we begin by outlining what power factor is. In the second article, we will discuss power factor correction and how it is performed to achieve a maximum power factor of 1 (unity).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat is the Power Factor?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe power factor is a ratio between the true/active power (kW) and the total apparent power (kVA) that is consumed by an AC electrical equipment, or a complete electrical installation.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is used to measure how efficiently electrical power is converted to useful work output. Under ideal conditions, a value of 1 represents maximum efficiency, and anything less than that requires more power to perform the actual task.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA power factor of 0.8 represents more losses in the system and will ultimately cost the consumer more. If a power factor is less than 1, the \u2018missing\u2019 power is referred to as reactive power (kVAR). Reactive power is required to provide a magnetising field that is needed for motors and other inductive loads. An improvement in the power factor will significantly reduce losses since they are proportional to the square of the current.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe power factor is expressed in two ways:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EPower Factor (pf) = Active power (kW) / the total power (kVA)\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EThe cosine of the angle (\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;\u0026#10;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;\u0026#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:\u0026#10;Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:\u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\u0026#10;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-ZA;mso-fareast-language:\u0026#10;EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol\u0022\u003Ej\u003C/span\u003E) between the useful power and the total power.\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\tpf = cos(\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:11.0pt;line-height:107%;\u0026#10;font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;\u0026#10;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:\u0026#10;Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:\u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\u0026#10;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-ZA;mso-fareast-language:\u0026#10;EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol\u0022\u003Ej\u003C/span\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Power triangle\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022dad05056-aff3-4f62-a158-4032b2c2cfc9\u0022 height=\u0022135\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Power%20Triangle.png\u0022 width=\u0022242\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe above diagram represents the power triangle.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe Beer Analogy\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EBeer is used to explain the power factor. As seen in the image below, the beer represents the active power (kW). This is the useful power, which is the energy that performs the actual work.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThe foam is the reactive power (kVAR) and represents the wasted or lost power. It is the energy that is produced but is not doing any work. Depending on the application, the result of this energy is either heat or vibration.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThe mug represents the apparent power (kVA) which is the total amount of power that is being delivered by the utility.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Beer Analogy\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022598ba50a-18a9-4716-87b0-3754b2c30447\u0022 height=\u0022271\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Beer.png\u0022 width=\u0022340\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat are the Sources of Reactive Power?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EMotors\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EPower transformers\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EWelding machines\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EElectric arc furnaces\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EInductors\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ELighting ballasts\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhy Improve the Power Factor?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe following are the benefits of improving the power factor in your plant:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EReduction in the electricity bills.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EAllows for there to be extra KVA available from the existing supply.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EReduction in I\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003ER losses in transformers and distribution equipment.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EReduction in the voltage drop experienced.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EEquipment lifespan will be extended as the electrical burden on cables and electrical components will be reduced.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELearn more\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the next article, we discuss how to perform power factor correction.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECan\u2019t wait until then?\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=Electrical Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECHAT\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to us, we can offer you the best technical advice on our range of solutions for power factor correction and energy management solutions.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Apr 2021", "terms": "Electrical, Education" }, { "title": "PRODUCT NEWS | Klingspor cutting-off wheel A60 TZ Special", "nid": "581", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news-letter.html\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Kronenflex A60 TZ \u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00229129b2a2-f3dd-405e-b0d7-4169517fc9d9\u0022 height=\u0022255\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Picture2_1.png\u0022 width=\u0022341\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile exceptionally thin at merely 1 mm, The Klingspor Kronenflex cutting-off wheel A 60 TZ Special delivers high aggressiveness and long service life. This highly effective wheel truly shines when used for cutting metal sheets, thin pipes or profiles made of\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Estainless steel,\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003Esteel and\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ENon-ferrous metal.\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Klingspor Kronenflex cutting-off wheel A 60 TZ Special is predominantly used for maintenance and repairs in fabrication shops as well as in plant engineering and steel construction.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProperties of the Kronenflex cutting-off wheels A 60 TZ Special\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKronenflex cutting-off wheels A 60 TZ Special are\u00A0free of iron, sulphur and chlorine. These wheels allow the user to process\u00A0stainless steel\u00A0with ultimate speed and minimal tool pressure. The resulting fast cutting times keep at a minimum both burr formation and the thermal load both on the workpiece and on the cutting-off wheel. Made of corundum or aluminium oxide, the abrasive grain Klingspor has selected for this product is made synthetically, which guarantees excellent quality that will not diminish over time.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKlingspor\u2019s Special performance class offers high-performance products that are geared towards special types of application. Within their range of application, these wheels are guaranteed to combine extremely long service life with superior cutting performance. Klingspor tests this cutting-off wheel as required by oSa directives and guarantees compliance with safety standard EN 12413.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAvoiding any danger during work with Kronenflex cutting-off wheels. Working on\u00A0stainless steel\u00A0with cutting-off wheels or grinding discs does not have to involve danger. Injuries are caused by coming into contact with the rotating wheel, by breakage of the abrasive disc or by grinding dust or debris.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese risks can easily be averted. To keep the abrasive disc from breaking, we recommend checking the wheel for wear or damage before use. You should also check the expiration date of the wheel.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe maximum operating speed indicated on each label must not be exceeded. Protection against grinding dust and debris is easily achieved by wearing the appropriate protective equipment. The complete set of protective equipment is comprised of hearing protection, protective goggles, dust mask and gloves.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResources:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E1.\u00A0\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/download/m-a60tz.pdf\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDOWNLOAD\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E the product brochure\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E2.\u00A0\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/contactus.html\u0022\u003ECHAT\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u00A0to us for a Klingspor solution for your facility\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E3.\u00A0\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/news-letter.html\u0022\u003ESUBSCRIBE\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u00A0to receive these articles and more, straight to your inbox!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Nov 2021", "terms": "Electrical, Products, Klingspor" } ]